化石燃料对环境的有害影响,尤其是二氧化碳(CO<sub>2</sub>)2为应对温室气体排放问题,开发先进储能设备等清洁能源技术势在必行。本研究探究了硬木废弃物衍生生物炭及其活化形式作为锂离子电池(LIBs)和钠离子电池(SIBs)负极材料的应用性能。实验结果表明,蒸汽活化处理对提升生物炭在LIBs中的电化学性能影响有限。值得注意的是,未经活化的木质生物炭在SIBs中表现出更优异的性能,在0.5 A/g电流密度下经过850次循环后,其容量(72 mA h/g)达到活化样品(33 mA h/g)的近两倍。该研究强调了优化石墨化层等材料特性的重要性-通过调控孔隙间距、比表面积、石墨化程度及元素组成等关键参数,可提升不同化学体系电池的性能表现。需特别指出的是,活性生物炭的制备过程需要消耗大量能源、燃料费和化学试剂,导致资源消耗与成本显著上升。因此,未经处理的原始生物炭展现出更优的经济可行性和环境友好性。本研究主张全面理解生物炭特性及其对电化学性能的影响机制,强调应根据具体应用需求对生物炭进行定向设计,而非仅聚焦于原料种类的选择。-spacing, specific surface area, graphitization order, and elemental composition, to improve battery performance across different chemistries. It is crucial to note that activated biochar production demands significant energy, gas, and chemical inputs, leading to increased resource consumption and costs. Therefore, unprocessed biochar presents a more viable and environmentally friendly alternative. This study advocates a comprehensive understanding of biochar properties and their impact on electrochemical performance, emphasizing the engineering of biochar to meet specific application needs rather than focusing solely on feedstock types.